A prototype skilled peer-review process was really helpful in the Ethics of the Physician written by Ishāq ibn ʻAlī al-Ruhāwī (854–931). He said that a visiting physician had to make duplicate notes of a affected person’s condition on each go to. When the patient was cured or had died, the notes of the doctor have been examined by a neighborhood medical council of different physicians, who would resolve whether or not the remedy had met the required standards of medical care.
